Resumen:
En México, las crisis económicas recurrentes padecidas sobre todo en los últimos
años, han generado un incremento de la pobreza de grandes grupos poblacionales,
obligando a muchos de ellos a migrar hacia Estados Unidos (EU), o algunas
entidades federativas que registran un mayor desarrollo económico en busca de
oportunidades que garanticen la sobrevivencia de sus familias.
El empleo rural es uno de los sectores más afectados, ya que, además, hace
frente al proceso de reestructuración productiva del sector agroexportador
implementado por el gobierno federal desde la segunda mitad de la década de los
ochentas y de manera más visible en los noventas, originando con ello, la liberación
de la fuerza laboral. Para estudiosas como Lara, este proceso se logró sobre la base
de la combinación de tecnologías de punta (semillas de alto rendimiento, análisis de
suelos y de las plantas para la aplicación de los fertilizantes, plasticultura,
fertirrigación, producción en invernaderos, sistemas computarizados, etcétera), y
sobre la flexibilización en el uso de la mano de obra.
Descripción:
n Mexico, recurring economic crises, particularly in recent years, have led to an increase in poverty among large segments of the population, forcing many to migrate to the United States (US) or to certain states with greater economic development in search of opportunities that will ensure the survival of their families.
Rural employment is one of the sectors most affected, as it also faces the process of productive restructuring of the agro-export sector implemented by the federal government since the second half of the 1990s.
The rural economy is also affected by the decline in the price of agricultural products, which has led to a reduction in rural income and increased unemployment.
The rural economy is also affected by the decline in the price of agricultural products, which has led to a reduction in rural income and increased unemployment.
Rural employment is one of the most affected sectors, as it also faces the
process of productive restructuring of the agro-export sector implemented by the
federal government since the second half of the 1980s and more visibly in the 1990s,
resulting in the release of the labor force. For scholars such as Lara, this process was achieved through a combination of
cutting-edge technologies (high-yield seeds, soil and plant analysis for fertilizer
application, plasticulture, fertigation, greenhouse production, computerized systems,
etc.) and greater flexibility in the use of labor.
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