http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/1978 El propósito de este programa de posgrado es formar recursos humanos capaces de realizar investigación científico-aplicada en el área de la ciencia e ingeniería de los materiales. De manera pertinente, se atienden proyectos de investigación enfocados hacia las áreas de especialización establecidas en la Agenda de Innovación para el Estado de Zacatecas. De esta forma, los proyectos de tesis son enfocados hacia el sector automotriz, aeroespacial, y de materiales para la industria minera. Sat, 16 May 2026 23:39:24 GMT 2026-05-16T23:39:24Z http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/4294 Título : Raman and SERS Spectra of Human Myelin Basic Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid Authors: Bravo-Oro, Antonio; Ugarte-Anchondo, Sergio; Martínez-Ruiz, Erick Osvaldo; Rodríguez-Aranda, Ma. del Carmen; Reyes-Reyes, Adán; García-Mendoza, Cristian Israel; Ortiz-Dosal, Luis Carlos; Rivera-Pérez, Emmanuel; Reyes-Reyes, Juan Andrés; Kolosovas-Machuca, Eleazar Samuel; Ortiz-Dosal, Alejandra Resumen : Raman spectroscopy (RS) provides detailed information on molecular structure but remains challenging for low-scattering proteins in complex media. Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a key structural component of central nervous system myelin and a clinically relevant molecule in demyelinating disorders; however, to the best of our knowledge, its Raman signature in solution has not been reported. In this work, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) were employed to characterize purified human myelin basic protein (MBP) in aqueous solution and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Quasi-spherical silver nanoparticles were used as SERS elements, yielding enhancement factors of 105 and increasing sensitivity to MBP-associated spectral changes at low concentrations. The MBP spectrum exhibited vibrational modes primarily associated with amide II and amide III bands, as well as aromatic side-chain contributions. Comparative analysis of MBP, CSF, and MBP-spiked CSF samples revealed significant spectral overlap, limiting discrimination based solely on peak positions. To overcome this limitation, spectral correlation and band-intensity-ratio analyses were applied, revealing reproducible trends associated with increasing MBP content. While individual MBP bands are not exclusive, the observed spectral patterns demonstrate the sensitivity of RS and SERS to MBP-induced spectral changes in CSF. These findings should be interpreted as a proof-of-concept in a single-donor CSF matrix. Descripción : Raman spectroscopy (RS) provides detailed information on molecular structure but remains challenging for low-scattering proteins in complex media. Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a key structural component of central nervous system myelin and a clinically relevant molecule in demyelinating disorders; however, to the best of our knowledge, its Raman signature in solution has not been reported. In this work, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) were employed to characterize purified human myelin basic protein (MBP) in aqueous solution and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Quasi-spherical silver nanoparticles were used as SERS elements, yielding enhancement factors of 105 and increasing sensitivity to MBP-associated spectral changes at low concentrations. The MBP spectrum exhibited vibrational modes primarily associated with amide II and amide III bands, as well as aromatic side-chain contributions. Comparative analysis of MBP, CSF, and MBP-spiked CSF samples revealed significant spectral overlap, limiting discrimination based solely on peak positions. To overcome this limitation, spectral correlation and band-intensity-ratio analyses were applied, revealing reproducible trends associated with increasing MBP content. While individual MBP bands are not exclusive, the observed spectral patterns demonstrate the sensitivity of RS and SERS to MBP-induced spectral changes in CSF. These findings should be interpreted as a proof-of-concept in a single-donor CSF matrix. Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/4294 2026-05-12T00:00:00Z http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/4230 Título : Dependence of ATP content in the formation of protrusions in DMPC GUVs under an AC electric field Authors: Ángeles Robles, Gabriela; Ruiz-García, Jaime; Méndez, J. Alfredo; Ortiz-Dosal, Luis Carlos Resumen : The cytoskeleton is an essential cell component. Many cellular processes that require changes in the cell structure depend on it. One of these processes is cell migration, which occurs through the formation of structures called protrusions that interact with other cytoskeletal components, enabling the cell to move slowly. These structures are formed by the polymerization of actin monomers, a process that requires the presence of ATP, as well as the exchange of divalent cations. In this work, we present a study on the formation of actin protrusions within DMPC giant unilamellar vesicles by varying the concentration of ATP, both in the absence and presence of MgCl2. It was found that when the concentration of ATP in the overall protein buffer increases, these structures form and extend inside the vesicle without breaking it, even in the absence of MgCl2. These protrusions are randomly oriented; however, when an alternating current electric field is applied, the protrusions align in the direction of the field in response to the polar nature of both lipids and actin filaments. Descripción : The cytoskeleton is an essential cell component. Many cellular processes that require changes in the cell structure depend on it. One of these processes is cell migration, which occurs through the formation of structures called protrusions that interact with other cytoskeletal components, enabling the cell to move slowly. These structures are formed by the polymerization of actin monomers, a process that requires the presence of ATP, as well as the exchange of divalent cations. In this work, we present a study on the formation of actin protrusions within DMPC giant unilamellar vesicles by varying the concentration of ATP, both in the absence and presence of MgCl2. It was found that when the concentration of ATP in the overall protein buffer increases, these structures form and extend inside the vesicle without breaking it, even in the absence of MgCl2. These protrusions are randomly oriented; however, when an alternating current electric field is applied, the protrusions align in the direction of the field in response to the polar nature of both lipids and actin filaments. Mon, 13 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/4230 2026-04-13T00:00:00Z http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/4213 Título : Calculando la gloria: la física detrás de la toma de Zacatecas Authors: Ángeles Robles, Gabriela; Ortiz Dosal, Luis Carlos Resumen : La Revolución Mexicana, un conflicto armado que tuvo lugar entre 1910 y 1920, producto de la desigualdad social, el despojo de la tierra a los campesinos, la creación de latifundios y el ejercicio del poder dictatorial del General Porfirio Díaz, entre otras causas, fue un evento trascendental en la historia de México. Durante este período tumultuoso, diferentes facciones y líderes políticos lucharon por el poder y la justicia social en el país. Una de las figuras clave en este conflicto fue la División del Norte, comandada por el revolucionario Francisco Villa, quien se destacó por su habilidad táctica y el uso estratégico de la artillería por parte del General Felipe Ángeles Mon, 17 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/4213 2025-11-17T00:00:00Z http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/4096 Título : Design of Functionalized Photon Sieves for the Detection of Biomarkers in Running Fluids Authors: Pastor-Villarrubia, Verónica; Canul Solis, Luis Pablo; Ortiz Dosal, Luis Carlos; Hernández-Arteaga, José Gabriel Roberto; Kolosovas-Machuca, Eleazar Samuel; Sanchez-Brea, Luis Miguel; Alda, Javier Resumen : In this work, we present the design of a prototype fluid analyzer based on photon sieves, permeable diffractive optical elements capable of focusing light through diffraction. The photon sieve comprises a spatial distribution of circular apertures patterned onto an aluminum substrate, which provides intrinsic fluid permeability and functions as either a lens or a mirror. In our approach, the aluminum surface is chemically functionalized to detect a specific biomolecular marker—human serum albumin—whose interaction with the surface induces measurable changes in the spectral reflectance. The operating wavelength is selected to maximize the reflectance contrast produced by the presence of the biomarker. The optical set-up is configured such that the light source and detector lie in the same plane when the photon sieve operates in reflection. A combined geometrical and diffractive analysis is conducted to optimize their positions. Upon detection of the biomarker, the measured signal decreases to 0.43 of its initial value prior to biomarker binding. These results highlight photon sieves as a promising platform for the development of compact, lightweight, and low-cost optical chemical sensors for running fluids. Wed, 07 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://ricaxcan.uaz.edu.mx/jspui/handle/20.500.11845/4096 2026-01-07T00:00:00Z